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Brood XI
Brood XI (Brood 11) was formerly one of the broods of periodical cicadas that appeared regularly in the eastern United States. It was one of the smallest 17-year broods, consisting exclusively of the species ''Magicicada septendecim'', and was historically restricted to areas of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island which appeared to be at the northern limit of the species' range.〔Cooley, J. ''et al'' "At the limits: habitat suitability modelling of northern 17-year periodical cicada extinctions", ''Global Ecology and Biogeography'' 22 (2013), 410-421, 419〕〔Cooley ''et al'' 2013, 411〕 Brood XI has not been seen since its 1954 emergence and is now generally regarded as extinct.
==Historical records==
Brood XI cicadas had historically been reported from scattered areas of the north-eastern United States, with records found going back into the 18th century, such as at Sandwich, Massachusetts. E. C. Herrick saw them "swarming" in the woods of Tolland County in 1835.〔Herrick, "Uprising of the Seventeen-year Cicada", ''American Journal of Science'', 33, 434〕
By the late 19th century records were already becoming scarce. Entomologist George Dimmock recorded the species in great numbers in Suffield, Connecticut in 1869 and collected a specimen, but failed to find them in the same location when searching seventeen years later.〔Dow, "Is Brood XI Extinct?", ''Bulletin of the New England Museum of Natural History'', 1929, 28〕 It was reported by Prof. A. S. Packard from three localities in Rhode Island in 1903, including at a site in the town of Coventry near the southwest end of the Tiogue Reservoir where they covered the scrub oak for an eighth of a mile,〔Packard, A. S. "Appearance of the 17-year cicada in Rhode Island in 1903", ''Psyche'', 10 (1903), 219〕 but a search in 1920 drew a blank.〔Manter, J. A. "Magicicada septendecim Linn. Brood XI in Connecticut", ''Psyche'' 62 (1955), 157-158〕 By the 1920s the lack of reports led some to suggest that the brood had become extinct.〔
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